摘要：毛奇龄是清代经学、尤其是易学领域中反宋学的关键人物，但在汉宋对立的研究格局下，学者的关注点非汉即宋，对他的定位难以把握，因此往往忽略了他的重要性和影响力。本文以毛奇龄为出发点，扩展到清代一些受他影响颇深，且与他易学理念颇为一致的易学家，包括李塨、程廷祚、晏斯盛和牛运震，旨在梳理出毛奇龄与他的易学流派。

前两章专门就毛奇龄进行研究。第一章，首先对毛奇龄及其易学进行研究，尤其着重揭示他以经解经的经学原则与五易说，这是下文进一步探讨其成就、历史定位与影响必不可少的内容。第二章分别探讨毛奇龄与汉、宋两派易学之间的关系，这有助于找准毛奇龄在易学史中的定位。毛奇龄在汉宋之间，更倾向于接受汉学、批判宋学，但他对汉学的态度，只是一种借鉴参考的态度，回归经文本身的以经解经才是他真正的解易方法，这与清代的汉学流派完全不同，也使他的易说表现出独特性。在第二章中，还分别选择了与他时代相近或稍晚的两位学者，即汉学家惠栋与反易图学者胡渭，比较他们与毛奇龄的异同并研究毛奇龄对他们的影响。通过与惠栋的比较，更加直观地表现出毛奇龄与汉学若即若离的关系；通过与胡渭的比较，更加着重地强调出毛奇龄在清代前期反宋易、尤其是辨析易图思潮中的重要地位。

第三至六章，分别研究李塨、程廷祚、晏斯盛与牛运震的易学，在研究他们各自易学观点与易解的同时，着重突出毛奇龄对他们的影响。总体说来，他们的解易理论，继承了毛奇龄的以经解经。至于具体的解易理论与说法，则各不相同。李塨是毛奇龄的正式弟子，他的易说，除不接受推易说外，绝大部分继承了毛奇龄。程廷祚是李塨在颜李学派的后学，他将以经解经发挥到极致，完全抛弃前人易说，创造了自己与众不同的爻位理论，他是本文所研究的毛奇龄易学流派中，引用接受毛奇龄具体说法最少的人，除毛奇龄对宋易图书学等理论的批判外，程廷祚的其它易说几乎都是他的独特说法。晏斯盛与程廷祚易学理念不谋而合，惺惺相惜之下，二人结成了深厚的友情。晏斯盛的易说有如程廷祚那般完全立足以经解经、自造解易理论之处，也有参考、甚至袭用毛奇龄解易理论与易说之处。最后的牛运震，我们不能从现存的年谱、书信等资料中找到任何他与毛奇龄及其流派中其他人的交往信息，但他的易说袭用毛奇龄最多。从解易理论来说，不仅是一般的理论，而且毛奇龄被李塨等人批评的推易说，也被牛运震接受。从具体易说来说，他化用毛奇龄说解的频率也高过了毛奇龄的亲传弟子李塨。这些人与毛奇龄的密切联系，是研究毛奇龄的学者们都还未注意到的，也是本文最重要的创新点之一。

关键词：毛奇龄  易学  流派

Abstract:Mao Qiling is an important figure in Jingxue, especially Yixue in Qing dynasty. But in the mordern research focus on the conflict of Hanxue and Songxue, researchers always neglect the importance and influence of Mao Qiling. To address this problem, this paper begins with the study of Mao Qilin's Yixue, then expand on to the continuators of Mao Qiling, including Li Gong,Cheng Tingzuo, Yan Sisheng and Niu Yunzhen.

The begining two chapters based on Mao Qiling. The first one studies his Yixue, maily about his principle of Yijingjiejing and Wuyishuo. It's the indispensable part before going on to adress his accomplishment, historical positioning and his influence.The second chapter seperatly discuss Mao Qiling's relationship with Hanxue and Songxue, which helps to find out Mao Qiling's historical positioning. Between Hanxue and Songxue, Mao Qiling perfers Hanxue and criticize Songxue, but he is just refering to Hanxue and Yijingjiejing is the only principle. There are also two comparations between Mao Qiling and figures near his age, Hui Dong in Hanxue and Hu Wei in the criticizm of Songxue. Through the Comparation between Mao Qiling and Hui Dong, we can see the near but not close relationship butween Mao Qiling and Hanxue more clearly. Through the Comparation between Mao Qiling and Hu Wei, we can see the importance of Mao Qiling in the anti-Songxue thoughts in qing dynasty.

From the third chapter to the Sixth chapter, each chapter introduce one continuator of Mao Qiling. In the introduction of each of them, we can always see the obvious influence of Mao Qiling. In general, they all inheritaged Mao Qiling's principle of Yijingjiejing, In particular, they all have different thonghts and theories. Ligong is a student of Mao, so he fully accept Mao's Yixue excepte Tuiyishuo. Cheng Tingzuo is in the same philosophical school of Li Gong's, he push the principle of Yijingjiejing to its limit and totally abandan the Yixue from former figures. Yan Sisheng is a close friend of Cheng Tingzuo, their friendship begins with the same thoughtes on Yi. Parts of his Yixue is similar with Cheng Tingzuo and Parts of which is a inheritage of Mao Qiling. The last one, Niu Yunzhen, we cannot find out his personal relationship with Mao or Mao Qiling's other continuators, but his Yixue is the most simuler with Mao. He even accepts Tuiyishuo, which is criticized by Li Gong and the others. The study of the continuators of Mao Qiling is the biggest innovation point of this paper.

Key Words:Mao Qiling    Yixue   Li Gong   Cheng Tingzuo   Yan Sisheng   Niu Yunzhen  

导师：孙钦善教授