摘要：阳明心学由明代大儒王守仁创立，从它诞生的那一天起，就迅速传播开来，波及到明代的文坛、政坛、艺术、经济等各个层面。它不但是中国思想史上一重大流派，还逐渐波及到周边国家，产生了广泛而深刻的影响力。阳明心学包含着丰富的生命体验，体现着个体意识的觉醒，是中国古代圣贤智慧的结晶，具有旺盛的生命力。它所倡导的价值尺度，对今天的中国现实仍有重要的借鉴意义。

本论文首先将对阳明学诞生至今的学术研究状况作一较为详细的概述，并阐述笔者自己的研究角度。其次，笔者将论述阳明心学的诞生过程，兼对其创始人王阳明的家庭相关事项进行考证，以与钱明先生的若干不同观点相商榷。在此基础上，笔者将剖析阳明心学与佛教错综复杂之关系，证明阳明学之核心体系更倾向于佛教而非儒家。王守仁实际上借鉴了佛教之概念、方法（阳明所吸取的道教元素，主要在于养生之类，对于阳明心学的体系搭建作用较小），从而对儒学加以改造，使之成为一种最为简易直截、最适合教化民众的道德哲学。兼取儒、佛也让阳明心学自身包含有几种分裂倾向，所以在王守仁去世后，其弟子各得其一端，或归于孔教，或流入禅宗，分裂为宗旨不同的各个派别。随后，本论文会从阳明后学之代表人物入手，考察王畿、黄绾、欧阳德、王艮等人的生平事迹、著作版本，以及他们的学术思想与阳明心学之关联，进而叙述他们在师门中的影响力，并揭示阳明学派最终趋向分裂之动因。最后，本论文还将尝试分析阳明心学之先天不足，以及对当前社会之价值。

本论文之重点，在于考察阳明心学之思想内核及阳明学派之分化过程。文中每陈述一种观点，除必要的逻辑推理外，还将辅以充分的文献资料以作证明，力求言必有据、事必可稽。另，因阳明门人成员众多，目前学界尚无一份较为完备的名单，乃至大多数后学连字号、籍贯都模糊不清。笔者查考相关资料，已整理出一份目前较为详实的清单，列入论文后的《附录》中，希望对阳明后学的未来研究有所助益。

关键字：王阳明  阳明心学  王畿黄绾欧阳德王艮

A Study on the Origin and Development of Yangming Ideology

Abstract: Yangming Ideology was founded by Wang Shou-ren. Since the day it was born, it had quickly spread to all levels of the Ming Dynasty, such as literature, politics, art, economic. It's not only a major genre in the history of Chinese thought, but its influence has gradually spread to neighboring countries. In some extent it has changed the direction of world history. Yangming Ideology contains a wealth of life experience, which embodies the individual consciousness. It is the wisdom of ancient Chinese, and it has a strong vitality. The measure of value which it has advocated is still an important reference to the reality of today's China.

This paper will make a more detailed research summary from the birth of Yangming Ideology to today's academic status and tell readers my research perspective. Besides the birth process of Yangming Ideology, it will also discuss the family status of Yangming with researcher Qianming. Then it will analyze the relationship between Yangming Ideology and Buddhism, in order to prove that the core of Yangming ideology is more likely Buddhism other than Confucianism. Wang Shou-ren actually borrowed Buddhist concepts, methods to transform Confucianism, making it the most simple and straight philosophy for the people's education. Unfortunately, using both Confucianism and Buddhism also allows Yangming Ideology itself to contain several separable tendencies. After the death of Wang Shou-ren, all his apprentices only got part of his mind, to Confucianism or to Zen, and led to different factions. Subsequently, the paper will choose representatives from his apprentices, such as Wangji, Huangwan, Ou Yangde, Wanggen, to study their lives, books and academic thinking associated with the Theory of Wang Yangming. The purpose of this study is to describe their influence in the cultural circles, which I think will tell us the reason of the final split. Finally, this paper will try to analysis the congenital deficient of Yangming Ideology, as well as the value for the current society.

The focus of this paper is to examine the origin of the core ideas of Yangming Ideology, and the final split of the apprentices of Wang Yangming. In this process, I will not only use logic reasoning, but give many data to prove my opinion. Also, many members of Yangming's apprentices are unknown for all researchers, such as their nicknames and native places. I have investigated a lot of relative information, in order to issue a more detailed name list, and hopefully it will do some good for the future study of Yangming Ideology.

Key Words: Wang Yangming   Yangming Ideology   Wangji   Huangwan   Wanggen

导师：孙钦善教授