摘要：在不断的自我延伸、自我完善中，朱子学在明代正德、嘉靖时期逐渐形成了自身特色，既坚持朱子学派的基本立场，又兼具明代社会思想的烙印。本文的研究对象，正是明代正德、嘉靖时期的朱子学与朱子学者。

本文首先通过清初对于明代道统的构建，论证了明代正德、嘉靖时期朱子学派的成立。这一构建过程体现在两个方面，一为官方层面上理学或儒林传的设立与编排，一为学界通过私修学术史来对明代道统进行构建。无论官方或民间，清初知识阶层所构建的明代道统大多与明代朱子学派存在着相当程度的重合。在论证了正嘉朱子学派的成立之后，本文分别以理气论、《大学》诠释、朱王对峙、魏校与罗钦顺为主题，从思想史、哲学史、政治史等各个方面对正嘉朱子学派的构成、学术取向与发展状况进行

了分析。就理气论而言，在“理气一元”共识的基础上，明代中后期朱子学者通过“理气不离”、“理气无先后”与“合则为二”等表现形态，运用不同的理论结构与思维模式对朱子“不离不杂”的理气论进行了延伸与重建。发生于正德年间的余祐《性书》批判是正嘉时期朱子学理气论转型的代表性事件。正德年间，朱子学派内部针对胡居仁弟子余祐及其著作《性书》展开了全方位批判，对明代中后期朱子学派理论基础的重建产生了近乎决定性的影响，标志着朱子学派完成了新的理气论构建。在正嘉朱子学派的《大学》诠释中，朱子学者或坚守朱子的《大学》诠释理路与逻辑反复申辩，或在朱子学基本框架下从不同的角度开创了新的《大学》诠释方式，或对于来势汹汹的阳明学派《大学》诠释做出了一定程度的妥协。正嘉时期朱子学者《大学》诠释的复杂性，正是朱子学在这一时期官学日趋僵化、湛王诸派来势汹汹的时代语境当中不断自我修正、自我完善过程的一个缩影。

在讨论正嘉朱子学派时，我们显然无法忽视这一时期愈发白热化的朱王对峙，正德九年朱陆之辩即是其中最为典型的事件之一。正德九年朱陆之辩是发生于明代正德九年至十一年的一场学术争论，是明代中后期朱陆之争的两种不同形式的表现。在正嘉时期朱王两派的对峙当中，有两位朱子学者尤其值得关注，一为正德时期对抗阳明学的主力魏校，一为嘉靖时期对抗阳明学的主力罗钦顺。本文通过魏校生平、学思历程及其交游论学将其置于正嘉时期这一历史背景当中，在对其本人进行考察的同时勾勒出正嘉时期朱子学派的发展图景。对于罗钦顺，本文重点考察了学派对峙与罗钦顺学思历程的相互影响。

关键词：正德  嘉靖  朱子学  朱子学者

Abstract：Zhuzi School gradually formed its own characteristics during the period of Zhengde andJiajing in Ming Dynasty. This paper firstly demonstrates the establishment of the ZhuziSchool in Zhengde and Jiajing periods in Ming Dynasty through the construction of Daotong.Regardless of official or folk, the Daotong of Ming dynasty built by the intellectual class in the early Qing Dynasty mostly overlapped with the Zhuzi School of the Ming Dynasty to a

considerable extent. After demonstrating the establishment of the Zhengjia Zhuzi School,this article takes the theories of Li and Qi, the interpretation of Daxue, the confrontation of Zhuzi School and Yangming School, Wei Xiao and Luo Qinshun as the themes. As far as the theory of Qi is concerned, scholars in the middle and late Ming dynasty used different forms of theory through the expressions of Li and Qi. The criticism of Yu You's "The Theroy of

Humanity", which occurred in the years of Zhengde, was a representative event of the transformation of Zhuzi's theory of ethics and morality in the period of Zhengde and Jiajing.

During the Zhengde period, the Zhuzi School launched a comprehensive criticism of Hu Juren's disciple Yu You and his book "The Theroy of Humanity ", which had a nearly decisive impact on the reconstruction of the theoretical basis of the Zhuzi School in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, marking the completion of the new rationale of the Zhuzi School. In the interpretation of Daxue, Zhengjia Zhuzi Scholars created a new interpretation of "Daxue" from a different perspective under the basic framework of Zhuziology. The complexity of the Daxue interpretation by Zhuzi scholars during the Zhengjia period is

exactly a microcosm of the process of Zhuzi school's self-correction and self-improvement.When discussing the Zhengjia Zhuzi School, we obviously cannot ignore the increasingly fierce confrontation of Zhuzi school and Yangming school during this period. In the confrontation between the two factions between Zhu and Wang during the Zhengjia period, two Zhuzi scholars deserve special attention. One is Wei Xiao, the main force against

Yangming school during the period of Zhengde, and the other is Luo Qinshun, the main force against Yangming school during the period of Jiajing.

Key Words: Zhengde  Jiajing  Zhuzi School  Zhuzi Scholar

导师：陈来教授